In this series, we are going to look at how to record a wide range of sound sources from a solo vocal through guitars, bass, piano strings, brass, woodwind and percussion, before moving onto the drum kit. In part 8 we are going to look at recording brass including trumpet, trombone, tuba, and french horn.

Throughout this series, we are using some excellent videos produced by Audio Technica and they naturally profile their own mics. But of course, you don’t have to use the specific Audio Technica mics they recommend. Take note of the type of microphone they recommend, like a large-diaphragm cardioid condenser or a hypercardioid dynamic microphone and chose one of that type that you prefer and/or own. What makes the biggest difference to the sound is where you place the microphone, not the particular brand and model of microphone.

With all the sound emanating from one spot, miking brass instruments may seem pretty simple and straightforward, but brass instruments are capable of both tremendous range and tremendous dynamics.

Trumpet

The trumpet is both highly directional and capable of very high SPL. A large-diaphragm cardioid condenser microphone, with the pad engaged, can capture the full range of tone and dynamics the instrument has to offer.

Placing the mic directly in front of the bell will give you the brightest sound. Moving the mic off-axis will reduce the upper harmonics and give you a warmer, rounder sound. As expected, the closer to the bell the mic is, the less room ambience and bleed will be captured relative to the direct sound. If the part calls for especially dynamic playing, the mic may need to be pulled back to prevent the sound from being shrill.

Trombone

All the principles that apply to the trumpet also apply to the trombone. For a different sound consider using a ribbon microphone for its smooth top end and rich bottom. Since the trombone isn’t as dynamic as the trumpet, keeping the mic 14 inches away from the bell can capture the full range of the instrument while providing plenty of isolation.

Tuba

A large-diaphragm condenser mic can capture the full warmth and roundness of the tuba. Since the bell is pointing upward, the mic should be mounted to a sturdy stand to position the mic directly above the tuba, aimed straight down. With the pad engaged, it can handle the level if placed close to the bell. If isolation isn’t an issue, moving the mic a bit higher can open up the sound. As with the trumpet for a more rounded sound try moving off-axis from the bell, after all, no one listens to a tuba from above.

French Horn

Unlike other brass instruments, the French horn is designed to be heard indirectly. When possible, place the player in a spot where pleasing ambience can be captured as well. Start with a large-diaphragm cardioid condenser mic placed in front of the instrument at the same height, but not too close.

What About The Saxophone?

If you are looking for details on how to record a saxophone then check out our article on Woodwind And Sax Recording Techniques.